China will begin a pilot run of its Digital Currency Electronic Payment project in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and Yangtze River Delta region, the country's Ministry of Commerce announced on Aug 14.

The central bank formulates policies to guarantee the pilot run, and the central bank-backed digital currency is currently under trial in four cities: Xiongan New Area in North China's Hebei province, Shenzhen in South China's Guangdong province, Suzhou in East China's Jiangsu province and Chengdu in Southwest China's Sichuan province. It will also be tested in some scenarios during the 2022 Winter Olympics Games in Beijing, and be expanded to other regions as appropriate, according to the ministry's notice.

The country has become the first major economy to carry out a real-world test of an official digital currency after six years of exploring the idea. In a survey by Bank for International Settlements in 2019, over 80 percent of central banks were engaged in sovereign digital currency projects. China has begun to pilot the digital renminbi, while the US and European Central Bank are still exploring the development of digital currencies.

"The roll out of central bank digital currency is conducive to efficiently satisfying people's demands for legal tender under the digital economy, to improving the convenience, security and anti-counterfeiting level of retail payment, as well as accelerating development of the country's digital economy," Yi Gang, governor of the People's Bank of China, said in a statement published in late May on the central bank's website.

China's four major State-run commercial banks are also reported to have started large-scale internal testing of a digital wallet app, moving a step closer to the official launch of the world's first sovereign digital currency.

Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, and Agricultural Bank of China are piloting the digital renminbi with the central bank in major cities, including Shenzhen.

Users in the trial can use the digital wallet to top up accounts, withdraw money, make payments, and transfer money after registering with their mobile phone number. The banks are also testing a scenario where users can transfer money without internet.

The move is in line with a key task set by the central bank, as it said last week that it would "actively and steadily promote the research and development of the state digital currency" during the second half of this year.