China will further facilitate cross-border use of the renminbi to promote pilot programs to boost trade and investment, making it possible for more foreign central banks and monetary authorities to hold the currency as a reserve asset, according to a report from the nation's central bank.
After a decade of the currency's internationalization, Chinese policymakers expect that the allocation of RMB assets by foreign investors will be further facilitated, and domestic financial market transactions by foreign investors will keep growing rapidly.
Cross-border use of the RMB has sustained rapid progress and maintained robust growth this year, even amid the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has severely hit global trade, finance and the economy, analysts said, commenting on the report released late on Aug 14 by the People's Bank of China.
More than 70 central banks and monetary authorities worldwide have incorporated the RMB into their foreign exchange reserves so far, according to the PBOC's 2020 RMB Internationalization Report.
Steady push
The central bank promised to steadily push forward RMB internationalization based on market forces and the orientation of better serving the real economy.
"We expect more foreign traders to join crude oil, iron ore and other commodity futures trading and use the RMB more frequently in real commodity trading. More varieties of RMB-denominated financial products will be provided," it added.
"China's capital market can further open up, which requires free floating of the RMB. It also needs to develop foreign exchange forward products, and better control the overall money supply and foreign debt," Jin Zhongxia, the International Monetary Fund's executive director for China, said at a seminar held last week by the China Finance 40 Forum.
Jin suggested issuing RMB-denominated treasuries and central bank bills in the offshore market. Meanwhile, the stock market can attract more foreign investors by establishing an international board, which allows initial public offerings for high-growth enterprises from emerging economies.
Under the complex international environment at the moment, "RMB internationalization is not a subordinate target that can be sacrificed, but a major issue related to whether China's economy can effectively alleviate the impact of external shocks", Jin added.
Supported by the monetary authorities' policies, analysts expect more market participants will accept the RMB as a settlement and payment currency, especially those located either in neighboring countries or areas related to the Belt and Road Initiative. Free trade zones and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area will become the driving force of RMB cross-border payment.
Last year, cross-border RMB settlement hit a record high of 19.67 trillion yuan ($2.83 trillion), increasing 24.1 percent year-on-year, the PBOC's report said.
The yuan's share of global foreign exchange reserves hit a record high of 2.02 percent as a global currency in the first quarter, according to the IMF. This was the highest level since the fund first published details of renminbi reserve assets in 2016.
The fund also said that by the end of 2019, the scale of renminbi reserves had reached $217.67 billion, accounting for 1.95 percent of the total foreign exchange reserves of designated currencies, ranking fifth and surpassing the Canadian dollar's share of 1.88 percent.
Increased fluctuations
Due to the impact of China-US trade frictions and other external vulnerabilities, the foreign exchange market showed increased fluctuations, and more enterprises prefer to use the RMB as a safe investment asset to mitigate risks, said Guan Tao, chief global economist at BOC International (China) Co Ltd.
Another survey conducted recently by the Bank of China also showed that the international currency status of the RMB reached a new high in 2019.
About 80 percent of domestic and foreign respondents to the survey believed that the RMB's role as an international currency will not be inferior to that of the Japanese yen or the British pound in the next decade. The result was 3 percentage points higher than that in 2018, and had continued to rise for four years since 2016, Bank of China said.
