BEIJING, March 5 -- The Chinese economy has proved remarkably resilient over the past year, according to a government work report submitted Thursday to the country's top legislature for deliberation.

China's gross domestic product (GDP) amounted to 140.19 trillion yuan (20.28 trillion U.S. dollars) in 2025, up 5 percent from the previous year, according to the report.

Numerous new advances were made in science and technology last year, said the report, adding that China led the way in the research, development, and application of artificial intelligence, biomedicine, robotics, and quantum technology.

The environment continued to improve, with energy consumption per unit of GDP dropping 5.1 percent, according to the report.

Last year's achievements were hard won as the country faced challenges from both home and abroad, the report said, citing the lack of adequate growth momentum in consumption and investment.